PRONOUNCIATION CHART


                         While the rules of German pronounciation will be introduced and practiced in the 
                         first ten lessons of this course, this chart serves as a quick reference guide.



                        LETTERS  AND  SOUNDS 


                      DAS ALPHABET (The Alphabet) 

                                          The German alphabet has 26 regular letters. They are pronounced as follows:
              
                                                                                    Approximate Sound
                                  German Spelling                     in English                                    Example
                                  a                                                father                                           Anna, Albert
                                  b                                                bed                                              Bank, Berlin
                                  c                                                nuts                                             Celsius

                                  d                                                date; tiger                                   Drama, Bad
                                  e                                                May; fairy                                  Erich, Ende
                                  f                                                fly                                               Film, Fabel
                                  g                                               garden                                        Gas, Gustav
                                  h                                               house                                         Hotel, Hunger
                                  i                                                pizza                                          Idee, Iris
                                  j                                                yes                                             ja, Jaguar
                                  k                                               keep                                          Karl, Kanal
                                  l                                                land                                          Lampe, Linie
                                  m                                              mile                                         Maschine,
                                                                                                                                       Martha
                                  n                                               new                                         Nation, Natur
                                  o                                               alone                                      Oper, Ofen
                                  p                                               price                                      Problem, Paul
                                  q                                               quality                                  Qualität, Quiz
                                  r                                                rice                                      Rose, Reis
                                  s                                                raise; boss                           Signal, See                   

                                                                                                                                    Reis, Haus
                                  t                                                tea                                       Tee, Telefon
                                  u                                               room                                   Utopie, gut

                                  v                                               fair                                      Vers, Vater
                                 w                                               vain                                    Willi, Wolf
                                 x                                                ax                                      Xylophon, Axt
                                 y                                               new                                    typisch, Lyrik
                                z                                                nuts                                    Zoo, Zone


                              DIE UMLAUTE UND ß (The Umlauts and ß)

                              The letters a, o, and u can also appear with two dots above them, called
                           umlauts; these letters have a different sound. The ß (called "ess-tsett") is a
                           ligature of letters s and z. 
                                                                 Approximate Sound
                     German Spelling               in English                                        Example
                     ä                                          fair                                                   Bär
                     ö                                          burn                                                Öl
                     ü                                          new                                                grün
                     ß                                          hiss                                                weiß


 TO BE CONTINUED...

                                                                                                                                                                 5 (Next Page)